Meaning of Life and Jeremy Fink Essay Example for Free

Meaning of Life and Jeremy Fink Essay A) MEANING OF LIFE – BY JEREMY FINK. B) CHARACTERS: JEREMY FINK, LIZZY MULDOON, MRS. FINK, MR. MULDOON, MR. OSWALD, SAMANTHA AND RICK, JAMES AND MR. FINK. CONFLICT: THE CONFLICT IS ABOUT JEREMY TRYING TO FIND FOUR KEY’S THAT WOULD OPEN THE BOX WHICH HIS DAD LEFT IT FOR HIM FOR HIS THIRTEEN BIRTHDAY PRESENT WHEN HE DIED AND JEREMY IS TO FIND THE KEY THAT WOULD FIT ALL FOUR SPOTS IN THE BOX BEFORE HIS THIRTEEN BIRTHDAY. SETTING: HAPPENS IN MODERN DAYS IN NEW YORK CITY. BASIC SITUATION: JEREMY AND LIZZY TRY TO FIND THE KEY BEFORE JEREMY’S THIRTEEN BIRTHDAY. C) PLOT: JEREMY SEE’S THE POSTMAN WITH A BOX ADDRESSED TO HIS MOM. JEREMY TAKES THE BOX AND OPENS IT TO SEE A BOX. WHEN HIS MOM COMES AND SEES HIM WITH THE BOX HIS MOM TELLS HIM HOW THE BOX WAS HIS PRESENT HIS DAD LEFT HIM FOR HIS THIRTEEN BIRTHDAY AND HAD TO FIND ALL FOUR OF THE KEYS THAT WOULD OPEN IT BEFORE HIS BIRTHDAY COMES. LIZZY AND JEREMY GET IN TROUBLE AND THEY HAVE TO DO COMMUNITY SERVICE. THEN THEY MEET MR. OSWALD WHO TRIES TO HELP THEM. THEIR COMMUNITY SERVICE WAS TO DELIVER STAFF TWO NEW PEOPLE WHICH THEN THEY GET TO MEET NEW PEOPLE. D) CLIMAX: IS WHEN LIZZY AND JEREMY OPENED THE BOX AND DISCOVERED HIS FATHER’S MEANING OF LIFE. E) FALLING ACTION: IS WHEN JEREMY OPENS THE BOX AND FINDS IT FULL OF STONES. JEREMY THEN REMEMBERS HIS FATHER HAD COLLECTED EACH STONE AT EACH IMPORTANT EVENT OF HIS LIFE. F) RESOLUTION: IS WHEN JEREMY FIND OUT THAT MR. OSWALD, JEREMY’S MOM, THE MAILMAN, AND LARRY FROM LARRY’S LOCKS WERE ALL IN JEREMY’S DAD’S PLAN TO GIVE JEREMY THE BOX AT THE RIGHT TIME AND SO THAT HE WOULD HAVE TO LOOK FOR ALL FOUR OF THE KEYS, ALTHOUGH MR. OSWALD HAD THEM ALL ALONG. BY HAVING THIS PLAN HIS DAD KNEW THAT JEREMY WOULD MEET NEW PEOPLE AND GET TO EXPERIENCE DIFFERENT THINGS HE WOULD NEVER DO. G) POINT OF VIEW: FIRST PERSON BECAUSE THERE IS TOO MUCH FEELINGS AND EMOTION IN THE BOOK. H) PERSON VS PERSON- JEREMY AND LIZZY AS THEY TRY TO FIND THE KEYS TO THE BOX. PERSON VS SOCIETY- JEREMY AND THE SOCIETY MEETING NEW PEOPLE TO TRY TO FIND THE KEY TO THE FOUR HOLES. I) THEME: A LESSON THIS STORY TEACHES ABOUT LIFE IS TO NEVER GIVE UP, AND ALWAYS BE MOTIVATED TO DO SOMETHING YOU KNOW YOU REALLY WANT TO DO. J) SIMILE- AS HARD AS IT CAN BE WITH HOPE ON THE WAY. SIMILE- LIFE IS AS EVENTFUL AS A JOURNEY. METAPHOR- NO PAIN, NO GAIN.

Works of Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe

Works of Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969), a German-born architect is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of Modern architecture, responsible for establishing and popularizing a new architectural style in the U.S. Mies left Germany in 1938 to head the Armour Institute, which later became the Illinois Institute of Technology. His design of the Main Campus and of other important buildings, such as the apartment towers at 860 and 880 North Lake Shore Drive in Chicago and the Seagram Building in New York, helped set a new aesthetic standard for modern architecture. (Blake, 1960).Mies created an inspiring 20th century architectural style, stated with high clarity and simplicity. He carried the ideals of rationalism and minimalism to new levels. His work in US made use of modern materials such as steel and glass to define interior spaces.(Kostof, 1995). He called his buildings skin and bones architecture. He wanted to achieve an architecture with a minimal framework of structural o rder balanced against the implied freedom of free flowing space. Mies Buildings in US radiate the confidence, rationality and elegance of their creator, free of ornamentation excess.(Blake, 1960) His philosophy that less is more became a guideline for architects in the 20th century. (SearchQuotes) With the establishment of a new campus for the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Mies van der Rohe had the opportunity to plan the campus as well as several other of building. The Minerals and Metals building (1942- 1943) was Mies very first construction on the campus. This building marked the first step toward the realization of Mies master plan for the IIT campus which was one of his most famous works in America. This project is not something made by the God of Crown hall stated by Kevin Harrington but rather Mies urges us to understand the building as part of the development of his own architectural language.This is where we first see his transition from forms that has been dear to his heart, seen in his work in Europe, to new forms that were possible, necessary and significant. It is in the Minerals and Metals building we first see Mies use of rolled -steel- I beam as part of his structural grammar. Mies unconventional use of steel was a map to the inside of the building, a nd it inaugurated a technique he used again in his projects in America. Giedion,1982). Crown Hall (1950-1956). This building situated on the IIT campus is a modern masterpiece. The National Historic landmark described Crown hall as A straight forward expression of construction and materiality, which allows the structure to transcent into art. Crown hall is an enormous room, 120 x 220 ft. in plan, 18 ft. high without interior columns, used for the architectural school. The building is raised several feet above the ground to allow light for the below grade school of Design. The most interesting point is the structural solution of exposed structural beams above the roof, making dear the method of achieving the clear-span interior. The huge scale of the building and the column-free open plan of the main floor of Crown hall demonstrates Mies innovative concept of creating universal space. Mies van der Rohe ended his relationship with the school in 1958.(Blake, 1960) Exterior, entry faà §ade Open plan of Crown hall, creating universal space. Shifting away from Mies work on IIT campus, another of his well renowned work is Farnsworth House (1946-1951).A small weekend retreat outside Chicago. The Farnsworth house is one of the most radically minimalist houses ever designed. Its interior, a single room, subdivided by partitions and completely enclosed in glass.The muteness speaks to us through the gentle and contlingent setting of the house on its site Hartoonian(1984,pp.48).The building is held together by only eight steel columns. Mies van de Rohe was able to realize spatial and structural ideas. For example the I beams are both structural and expressive. The use of glass negates the dialectics of enclosure and openness Hartoonian(1984,pp.48). Farnsworth House which may seem as an iconic glass box to be viewed from afar is rather a space through which life unfolds both independently and interdependently with nature.(Blake, 1960). Sketch of Mies Farnsworths House. Floor plan of Farnsworth House. The Seagram Building on Park Avenue was Mies first attempt at tall office building construction.Mies creates a stunning monument to the International Styles faith in simplicity and clarity. The 38-story tower quickly began the countrys most influential and copied office building, an instant classic. The buildings external faces are given their character by the quality of the materials used the tinted glass and the bronze I-beams applied all the way up the building. In the picture below you can see the building is pulled back from street line to allow the building to circumvent the setback provisions of the city code as well as create its own breathing space(Kostof,1995) The Seagram Building is the first bronze-coloured skyscraper. The metal bronze skin that is seen in the facade is non-structural but is used to express the idea of the structural frame that is underneath. Additional vertical elements were also welded to the window panels, not only to stiffen the skin for installation and wind loading, but to aesthetically further enhance the vertical articulation of the building.(Blake,1960). Exterior view from the northwest Structural plan of one corner, showing the main . pier and projecting I- beams. 860-880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments in Chicago is another of Mies high rise building where he implied the same style of modern architecture carried in his projects in the US. The 26-story towers bordering Lake Michigan give a beautiful waterfront view. The reason for this creation involved his concept that architecture should be independent of the site. The buildings are renowned for their structural clarity and composition on the site. The same common materials are used in this project: steel, aluminium and glass. The most impressive feature of the building is the skin and bone expression of the steel and glass towers.The steel I-beams effortlessly define the structure while the glass suspends and encloses space. It is obvious that he relies on clarity of form achieved through elegant proportions. Prior to this point, structure was hidden within architecture, but here we see a change.Mies merged the two by exposing the steel, realizing his own words: When technology reaches it true fulfilment, it transcends into architecture This is not only seen in this project but many of his other projects in the US.(Blase,1999) Two apartment buildings at cross axis towards one another on the triangular site delivering view of surrounding area. Another of Mies very striking projects is Federal Center.Here once again we see the minimalist glass and steel design which is very simple yet very striking. According to the AIA guide of Chicago: Miess uncompromising devotion to principle, together with his vaunted sensitivity to proportion and structural detail, and, in this case, the organizational scale, combine to give the complex a monumental urban presence. Both towers are curtain-wall structures, characteristic of the high-rise design of Miess American period. Their steel frames, suppressed behind uniform walls of glass and steel, are marked off by projecting steel I-beam mullions. The Post Office, a unitary space with a central core, is similarly typical of Miess reductivist concept of the single-storey pavilion. Externally thin yet powerful structural columns of steel brace enormous panes of tinted glass. The plaza at the federal center is cold, uninviting which minimal seating and with this the one story post office, every thing feels very utilitarian. But this does not mean Mies lacked an eye for detail.His eye for details is seen through all glass design, which was very deliberate as well as the granite tiles of plaza to the granite walls in the lobby. Black I-beams look very industrial running up the side of the building and are completely ornamental. The Alexander Caldwells flamingo structure in the center is marked contrast to the plain building behind it.(Blaser,2004) The plaza of the Mies van der rohe designed Federal center in Chicago,The Klucynski builidng is to the left,one story post office to the right and Alezander Caldwells flamingo structure in the center. Mies van der Rohe without a doubt created an influential 20th century architectural style in the US, stated with high clarity and simplicity.He helped define modern architecture in the US by emphasizing open space, revealing the industrial materials used and reinventing the form of buildings. He carried the ideals of rationalism and minimalism to new levels. This is clearly evident in Minerals and Metals, Crown hall, Farnsworth house, Seagram building and the Federal Center.His use of modern materials such as glass and steel can also be seen in these buildings. Mies Buildings in the US radiate the confidence, rationality and elegance of their creator, free of excess ornamentation. He follows his philosophy that less is more and this approach of Mies is pertinent as ever in his projects.(Blake,1960).

The Underground Railroad and Iowa: On the Road from Slavery to Freedom

The Underground Railroad and Iowa: On the Road from Slavery to Freedom â€Å"I looked at my hands to see if I was the same person†¦ There was such a glory over everything. The sun came up like gold through the trees, and I felt like I was in Heaven.† Harriet Tubman uttered these words when she arrived in Pennsylvania, a free woman at last (National Geographic). Years later, when talking about the reasons she ran away, Ms. Tubman would state, â€Å"[There are] two things I [have] a right to and these are Death and Liberty. One or the other I mean to have. No one will take me back alive† (America’s Civil War, 42). While most research on the Underground Railroad focuses on the northern states, the state of Iowa played an essential role in the Railroad. Clinton, Iowa was often a runaway’s last stop before crossing the Mighty Mississippi River. The first documentation of the name Underground Railroad is from the year 1831 and in one case, attributed to the owner of a former slave, Tice David. David successfully gained freedom by traversing along small creeks, rivers, and dense woods and his owner finally gave up searching for him. Upon returning to Kentucky, Tice David’s former slave-owner announced, â€Å"He must have gone on an underground road† (America’s Civil War, 42). Another name given to the Underground Railroad was the Freedom Train (National Underground Railroad Freedom Center) and Harriet Tubman was inarguably one of the most famous conductors on this train, leading thousands of slaves to their freedom in the north. Since the formation of the Iowa Territory, the largest population group, settling in what would become Iowa, came from southern states. Because of this, early historians assumed that Iowa would tak... ...ng, 1983. Patrick, Kathy. Escaped Slaves on the Underground Railroad found welcome havens in Ohio’s Oberlin and Wellington. America’s Civil War – Travel. May 1994: 66 – 68. â€Å"Harriet Tubman†. New Standard Encyclopedia. Standard Education Corporation. Volume 17. Chicago: 1994. (no author listed). National Geographic Web site March 28, 2002 http://www.nationalgeographic.com/features/99/railroad/> National Underground Railroad Freedom Center March 28, 2002 http://www.undergroundrailroad.org/> â€Å"Underground Railroad†. New Standard Encyclopedia. Standard Education Corporation. Volume 18. Chicago: 1994. (no author listed). Wilmot, Franklin A. â€Å"Disclosures and confessions of Frank A. Wilmot, the slave thief and Negro runner†. Philadelphia: Barclay & Co. 1860. Library of American Civilization. McIntyre Library, UWEC Campus. Eau Claire, WI.

Meaning of the River in Siddhartha Essay -- Hesse Siddhartha Essays

Meaning of the River in Siddhartha Siddhartha, in Herman Hesse's novel, Siddhartha, is a young, beautiful, and intelligent Brahmin, a member of the highest and most spiritual castes of the Hindu religion, and has studied the teachings and rituals of his religion with an insatiable thirst for knowledge. Inevitably, with his tremendous yearning for the truth and desire to discover the Atman within himself he leaves his birthplace to join the Samanas. With the Samanas he seeks to release himself from the cycle of life by extreme self-denial but leaves the Samanas after three years to go to Gotama Buddha. Siddhartha is impressed by the blissful man but decides to lead his own path. He sleeps in the ferryman's hut and crosses the river where he encounters Kamala, a beautiful courtesan, who teaches him how to love. He is disgusted with himself and leaves the materialistic life and he comes to the river again. He goes to Vasudeva, the ferryman he met the first time crossing the river. They become great friends an d both listen and learn from the river. He sees Kamala again but unfortunately, she dies and leaves little Siddhartha with the ferrymen. He now experience for the first time in his life true love. His son runs away and Siddhartha follows him but he realizes he cannot bring him back. He learns from the river that time does not exist, everything is united, and the way to peace is through love. Siddhartha undergoes an archetypal quest to achieve spiritual transcendence. During his journey, he both embraces and rejects asceticism and materialism only to ultimately achieve philosophical wisdom "by the river". When Siddhartha is ... ...n, and all of the enjoyments and lavishes. He becomes entrapped in Samsara, the physical world, characterized by repeated cycles of birth, but finally breaks out of it after twenty years and returns to the river. At the river he joins the simple life of Vasudeva, according to Carl Yung would be considered the wise old man archetype, and for the next twenty years he listens and learns from the river. The river is no longer the divider between the material and spiritual worlds but now it symbolizes a unity in which past, present, and future, all people and their experiences, all features of life flow together. Siddhartha comes to realize that there is no conflict between the spiritual and the material, that all human occurrences are to be accepted, and that the only difference between the ordinary people and the sages is that the sages understand this unity.

Themes Presented in Goblin Market by Christina Rossetti Essay -- Gobli

Themes Presented in Goblin Market by Christina Rossetti Christina Rossetti's used her poetry to express herself; her work exhibits many autobiographical elements and from it the reader can discern Rossetti's emotions, beliefs and her comments on the society she lived in. As a female poet it would have been improper for Rossetti to deal directly with these issues though and so her ideas are masked through appearing to be children's poetry and having simple meanings. 'Goblin Market' superficially appears to a moral story about two sisters one of whom gives way to the temptation of the goblins forbidden fruits but through her poetic techniques Rossetti manages to embody her fears and desires. One of the desires Rossetti appears to have in this poem is for a relationship similar to that of Lizzie and Laura; the closing lines of the poem express the joys of having a sister "To fetch one if one goes astray", but Rossetti had only brothers. This theme of friendship is crucial to the plot of the poem and maybe Rossetti yearns for someone she can feel close to. Rossetti shows the difference between the love Laura has for the goblins fruits and the love between the sisters through the use of parallelism. While Laura "sucked" the goblins' fruits "until her lips were sore" showing Laura's greed as she gives way to temptation and gives a strongly physical image, Lizzie calling "Hug me, kiss me, suck my juices / Squeezed from goblin fruits for you" brings to mind Lizzie's self-sacrifice - the difference of Laura's lust for the juices and Lizzie's love for her sister is apparent. The image by Rossetti describing the sisters "Like two pigeons in one nest" creates a strong impression of the closeness between the two s... ...n coming before love in Rossetti's life. 'Goblin Market' contains many of the key themes that appear throughout Rossetti's poetry. In typical Rossettian style it appears almost superfluous on first reading but subtexts hidden within it. The casual rhyming scheme suggests that the work is a aimed at being children's poetry but the issues it deals with are distinctly adult. Early in the poem Laura is described as "rearing her glossy head" and much later on Lizzie is referred to as being stubborn as a "horse"; this demonstrates that through repetition and subtle parallels Rossetti manages to show how both sisters are so similar and yet so far apart. Christina Rossetti's use of poetic devices allows 'Goblin Market' to work on several levels allowing her to write poetry both acceptable to the society she lived in while also allowing her to express herself.

Dispostional Personality Theories Essay

The two most common dispositional theories are Allport’s psychology of the individual theory and the trait and factor theory. Allport’s psychology of the individual theory emphasized that people are unique, even though they may share traits in common, and those unique qualities are what should be focused on. â€Å"More than any other personality theorist, Gordon Allport emphasized the uniqueness of the individual. He believed that attempts to describe people in terms of general traits rob them of their unique individuality†. In order to focus on the individuals uniqueness Allport felt that a broad theory is more useful than a narrow one and he would use information from different theorist in his research. For many years there has been much debate about how many traits actually have an effect on an individual’s personality. In recent years the majority of theorist have come to the conclusion that five is the magic number. Esyneck, McCrae, and Costa have focused their studies on the trait and facto theory and have done much research using standardized tests, clinical observations, and observations from friends and families of the individuals studied. â€Å"Trait and factor theories of personality are based on factor analysis, a procedure that assumes that human traits can be measured by correlational studies†. Each of these theories have different approaches to explaining an individual’s behavior. Both Allport’s psychology of the individual theory and the trait and factor theory have its own effect on individual personalities. Interpersonal relationships are influenced by each of these theories in its own way as well.

Street Gangs

lane juntos ar precise common in the States and especi all(prenominal)(prenominal)y amongst Afri send word the Statesn populations. The history of drive look face pack ups coffin nail be traced back to the 1930s when Afri go off the Statesns were undergoing thought-provoking moments considering that it was an era of abundant racial discrimination. dissimilar pass juntos mystify different name for instance, famous course gangs in the US allow ind The Kelleys, The Driver Brformer(a)s, The Boozies as puff up as The Magnificents .Activities of such(prenominal) gangs evolved from forcefulness, robbery, do do drugss relations, and har tummyry to screen missions. In addition, game track gangs contrive been comm further composed of juveniles. Composition of the road gangs has evermore been slightly peers such as friends, sisters or br separates. Although highway gangs lack recognize ideology in the struggle for dark-skinned liberation passageway gangs were seen as the percentage of sw finesse struggle in fightdly the black union and rattling little was through with(p) by the fraternity to select with the line of reasoning of driveway gangs.Today, lane gangs gull unhomogeneous definitions depending on who is defining them. For instance, a detectives definition is different from a practice of faithfulness definition and definitions take away varied from author to author with different authors heavy(a) different definitions for lane gangs. For example (Skogan, 1990) define roadway gangs as groups of teenagers who congregate nearly bridle-path corners non of necessity for covert missions hardly withal because of social pressures such as lack of shelter (Sarnecki. 2001). oppositewise author, Sheriff and Sheriff (1964) specify street gangs as an elaborate electronic network of young persons whose goal is to violate the virtue (Sarnecki. 2001). This shows how greatly the topic of street gangs has been env iron by mystery in the States. However, in that location is agreement that street gangs in America ar largely networks of people with a loosely threaded ideology which is temporary. In addition, social status to street gangs is never indissoluble as the street gangs thrust very strict code of conduct which frequently see members fall apart.In addition, street gangs gash across racial, religious, depicted object and ethnic backgrounds and today, distant in the first place the definition of street gangs goes beyond black gangs (Jennifer Lee, Min Zhou, 2004). Street gangs realise a way of identifying themselves which is distinct from other competing gangs. For instance, each gang in America has their ill-tempered label of clothing or shoes which is exactly specific to that gang and any(prenominal)one found to be exploitation the corresponding label outside the gang membership is often met with punishment which can include lynching or assault and in many cases, death (J ennifer Lee, Min Zhou, 2004).Street gangs also use specific types of tattoos on their bodies to throw out define themselves and as a payoff differentiate themselves from other competing gangs (Jennifer Lee, Min Zhou, 2004). overly common amongst street gangs is the use of accomplish signals which are unique to members of the given over street gang and is a way of communication, personal identity and a sign of loyalty to the particular street gang. Street gangs also run through their unique communication styles embedded in both verbal and non-verbal use of style and this is further used to promote the subtlety of the givens street gangs.As mentioned earlier, street gangs are rarely permanent in terms of the while which members last in the gang. Leadership of street gangs is often autocratic and oppressive, something which is responsible for the rampant fallout amongst members which appoints it very difficult for members to closure long in the groups. A nonher reckon wh ich defines street gangs in American is the point that all street gangs hurt their turfs which they fit and weightlift any effort by fairness of nature or other honor enforcement agents to oust them.As a resolve, street gangs add together to form part of the lifespan of the celestial sphere where they occupy, something which has led to the in the public eye(predicate) exposure of gang life especially practices such as drug malignment, prostitution and violence in the areas occupied by street gangs (Jennifer Lee, Min Zhou, 2004). A nonher eventor, which defines street gangs in America, is the fact that all are involved in cruel activities and rarely do street gangs claim themselves in any constructive activeness apart from some form of art such as rap medicament .It is generally accepted that street gang is a line of work which is not only a nemesis to social differentiate but also to national pledge. In the advent of terrorism, the jurisprudence and other p ractice of fairness enforcers cannot leave anything to chance when it comes to brooding loopholes in national and homeland security. To that end, several policing strategies, new legislations and other interchanges rescue been implemented in America to not only distribute the risk of exposure posed by external pugnacity but also the potential of nemesiss at heart the United States of America. Street gangs are cognize to carry out any business for money indiscriminately. therefore it does not matter whether it is a terrorist that the gang is working for. All that matters to a gang is that it forms a source of income. To forebode the potential of street gangs posing a significant threat to homeland security, the constabulary ware run ford as a bank bill to contain the street gangs within their territories. As mentioned earlier street gangs work out strictly on their territories and rarely do they move to new locations. This has presented an opportunity to the law to c ontain and subscribe with street gangs in a more topical anaestheticized manner.To find out that the influence of street gangs does not spread widely into the confederation the police set out come up with a schema of road patrols which are make to make the company safer and secure. This is make to counter the chess opening of gangs using the roads to harm their victims or to infiltrate fear amongst the members of the alliance. This has greatly worked wholesome although it has been faced with the problem of racial profiling, given the fact that members of racial minorities are often targeted by police searches aimed at countering street gangs.However, to a great deal, police road patrols pick up raised the take of security even in areas where street gangs are common. Another scheme has been to use technical power to deal with street gangs. This has seen the police use advanced weapons to fight street gangs whenever confrontations occur and to arrest that the police alwa ys remain in control. The police in near states have strategic plans which have seen police set up employment checks along major roads aimed at ensuring that gangs activity is limited.The fact that most gangs switch over in narcotics way of life that police have to strengthen their anti-narcotics units to decapitate the major power of street gangs to carry on illegal drug trade. This has seen the police work closely with intelligence, local anesthetic community leaders as thoroughly up as religious bodies to ensure that every member of the society is involved in fighting street gangs. Another great change in natural impartiality enforcement agencies that has resulted from street gangs activities in America is the introduction of community policy. Unlike conventional policing, community policing is proactive, slight resource laden and problem-solving .As a result of community policing, violence and drug abuse incidences have importantly dropped in the community level. Howeve r, it is worth noting that community policing requires reading of local community members to equip them to deal with the sophisticated nature of annoyance in the society. The fact that police departments lack enough resources has seen a slow implementation of community policing as a strategy of honor enforcement. Nonetheless, community policing has led to a decrease in fear levels amongst community members .Although originally community policing was motivated partly by the threat of street gangs in the community, community policing has move out to be telling in fighting even crime which is uncorrelated to street gangs. The strategy of community policing revolves around training of community members to equip them with the obligatory tactics and knowledge to deal with crime, establishing of displace at the community level, increased pluck patrols of police officers, as well as brainstorming controlings amid community members and police in a bid to foster citizen participat ion in fighting crime .It is worth noting that policing strategies, legalitys and other changes aimed at relations with the problem of insecurity is largely found on state administration. This wherefore means that different states use different approaches to fight with levels of crime considering the fact that different states have different security needs. For instance natural York policing strategies is aimed at tackling crimes such as public drunkenness, fantastic crimes as well as prostitution. This therefore shows that the nature of vicious guinea pigs face up a state may substitute and therefore may dictate the types of policing strategies.In addition, sore York State is faced with a high threat of terrorism than the threat of street gangs for example. This therefore means that the changes and strategies by fair play enforcement agents have been broadly aimed at dealing with threats specific to that state . In majuscule DC for example, there are gang legislations which have been specifically enacted to deal with the problem of gangs. This has attracted more funding aimed at empowering rectitude enforcement agents efforts to deal with prevention of gang activities in chapiter.The availing of cash in hand has seen the police and other law enforcement agents become more capable of dealing with the problem of gang violence, which is deep-rooted in the State. The legislation has also allowed for funding of interference measures and programs, which have seen the community, enjoy safer neighborhoods. Other changes aimed at dealing with the problem of street gangs in cap DC have include the imposition of tough penalties for street gang members who are caught participating in lurid crimes . This approach has seen the threat of violent street gangs decrease significantly in Washington DC.However, it is worth noting that all efforts geared towards dealing with the problem of insecurity and particularly street gang activities need to be compou nd into federal laws so as to ensure that the state is able to fully address the challenge. Such legislation such as the companion legislation is aimed at make sure that there is the avail efficacy of funds to deal with lawlessness. In addition, the legislation aims at making sure that the police and other law enforcement agents are able to meet the challenge as well as potently deal with violence before it becomes widespread (Jennifer Lee, Min Zhou, 2004).Efforts to deal with the threat of violent street gangs has moved from the onus level to punitive facilities by empowering correctional officers to put in place put right measures aimed at rehabilitating street gang offenders. It can be said that the tough laws have been largely successful in not only dealing with violent street gangs but also in increase the level of security in the neighborhoods (Sarnecki, 2001). non all policing strategies or new laws have been successful in dealing with crime.However, some strategies suc h as road policing strategy have been effective due to its faculty to prevent crime at the neighbourhood level. Other strategies or changes such as enhanced penalties have to some stagecoach failed given the fact that the prisons where such offenders are sent to are not ineluctably effective in correcting the demeanour of the offenders and therefore when such street gangs or any other offenders come out of the prisons they usually continue with the same criminal activities.Forfeiture is a strategy aimed at decapitating not only street gangs but other criminals of their ability to coordinate and execute criminal activities. Laws permitting the ritual killing of profits gained from criminal activities have made it possible for law enforcement agents to seize berth of criminals and therefore making sure that it becomes very unattractive for criminals to continue with their crime activities (Sarnecki, 2001).Another change or strategy which can be said to have resulted from the thr eat of street gangs is the initiation of gangs entropy bases which makes it possible for law enforcement agents to trace criminals with this (Jennifer Lee, Min Zhou, 2004) This also allows for at large(p) monitoring of released criminals to monitor whether such have reformed. Having gang data bases also enables the promiscuous exchange and sharing of randomness amongst law enforcement agents. Another change in the law enforcement agencies, which has been occasioned by the threat of street gangs, is the toleration of information engineering science systems .The introduction of information technology use amongst law enforcement agents has seen a dramatic increase in the ability of law enforcement agents to counter the activities of gangs. This has also made it very possible to collect data on criminal activities. nurture technology has led to the quick exchange of information and intelligence on security issues, which significantly has boosted the ability of the law enforcemen t agents to prevent crime. Information technology has made it very ponderous for the gang members as well as other criminals to infiltrate law agencies, something which can jeopardize the effectiveness of law agents.Another strategy, which has been initiated to deal with crime in America, is the empowerment of law enforcement agents (Jennifer Lee, Min Zhou, 2004). This has been done through providing them with go bad equipment as well as training which makes it possible for law enforcement agents to operate with a high level of efficiency. Lack of qualification can greatly impact negatively on the war against crime. in that respectfore the move to empower law enforcement agents moldiness be seen as one of the most effective changes ever in dealing with organise crime.If the war against crime is to be won, a combination of the above mentioned strategies and changes must be implemented. For instance, having legislations however costly, without having a capable military personne l resource to enforce the legislation is potential to yield not better than meager results. The war must be sustained, rivet and the aims should be well defined. Clearly, the strategies must address the root causes of criminal behaviour and activities. This should not be left to law enforcement agents alone.Violent behaviour has been found to be caused by a myriad of factors namely social factors, frugal factors, political factors, religious factors and cultural factors. This indicates that the changes and strategies must cut across socio-cultural issues as well as sparing, political and religious dimensions. There is an increasing trend of juvenile violence in America. This is a clear quality that there is a social crisis which must be addressed not necessarily by law enforcement agencies but by other departments such as childrens department.In the past, efforts to deal with violent crime have tended to be reactive as unlike to proactive. If this approach is not changed, there is a high likelihood that a lot of resource will keep on being work-shy due to using of the wrong strategies to fight lawlessness. Indeed, crime is not a war that can be won by law enforcement agencies only. consequently the reason wherefore all efforts geared towards reducing criminal activities in the American society should be multisectoral. The introduction of community policing strategy is particularly encouraging.However, it is sad that most legislation aimed at curbing street gang crimes or other forms of crimes in the society have tended to originate from criminal justice. Given the fact that crime is influenced by other factors such as economic factors, there is a need for legislations found on economic principles such as equitable distribution of resources especially to the marginalised communities to be enacted. Such legislations will see youths from the marginalised groups charge economically and perhaps desist from connector street gangs or any other forms of cri mes.Educational reforms or legislations can also be a great intervention measure in dealing with crime in the society. This is true considering the fact that there is a direct positive correlation between involvement in criminal activities and the level of commandment. Therefore, empowering people and especially the youths through education is likely to deter a good number from participating in crime. There is a need for education to fall into place every single youth in America as a way of empowering the society. If this is realized it will be an effective and less costly way of dealing with the problem that crime has become in the society.There is a need for more research to be commissioned to deal with the issue of street gangs in America. It appears that one of the reasons why law enforcement agencies have been slow in winning the war is the fact that most of the decisions made concerning how to deal with street gangs in America are not found on empirical evidence but rather on egoistic feelings of politicians. Until the law enforcement agencies realise the power of research in dissecting social problems, street gangs and other violent crimes are likely to continue glum the American society.In addition, there is the possibility that a lot of resources will be wasted and there will be no resource to show for it. In conclusion, it can therefore be said that the war changes in street gangs in America have had an impact on law enforcement agencies in regard to the type of strategies the police have come up with, laws which have been put in place to deal with crime as well as the resources allocated to the fight against crime. Reference George, L, K and Coles, C. M. 1997. neutering Broken Windows Restoring Order and ReducingCrime in our Communities. 88. Simon & Schuster. wise York. Jennifer Lee, Min Zhou 2004. Asian American younker Culture, Identity, and Ethnicity Routledge. United States. Jerzy, Sarnecki. 2001. Delinquent Networks Youth Co-offending i n Stockholm. Cambridge University Press. 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